This civil war was started on 2011 due to the confrontation between the Syria government and the objector.
-Is a multisided armed conflict.
敘利亞佔大多數的遜尼派群起對抗總統阿薩德所屬的什葉派分支阿拉維派(Alawite，註1)
民众要求改革开放
政府向人民开火
ISIL 崛起
外国势力干涩
哈马组织
Syria’s civil war is the worst humanitarian crisis of our time.(最不人道的) Half the country’s pre-war population — more than 11 million people — have been killed or forced to flee their homes.
Families are struggling to survive inside Syria, or make a new home in neighboring countries. Others are risking their lives on the way to Europe, hoping to find acceptance and opportunity. And the onset of harsh winter weather makes life as a refugee(难民) even more difficult. At times, the effects of the conflict can seem overwhelming.（压倒性）
But one fact is simple: millions of Syrians need our help. According to the U.N., it will take $8.4 billion to meet the urgent needs of the most vulnerable（弱） Syrians — and less than half of that aid has been raised so far.
You can help. The more you know about the crisis, the more we can do together to help those in need. The lifesaving work that we do, helping people survive conflict and build brighter futures, is only possible with your knowledge and support.
So take a few minutes to understand the magnitude（大小） of this crisis. Read below to learn the facts behind the figures（数据） — and find out how you can help.
When did the crisis start?
Anti-government demonstrations began in March of 2011, part of the Arab Spring.（反对政府示威） But the peaceful protests quickly escalated （增加）after the government's violent crackdown, and rebels（叛军） began fighting back against the regime（政权）.
Anti-government demonstrations began in March of 2011, part of the Arab Spring.（反对政府示威） But the peaceful protests quickly escalated （增加）after the government's violent crackdown, and rebels（叛军） began fighting back against the regime（政权）.
By July, army defectors had loosely organized the Free Syrian Army and many civilian Syrians took up arms to join the opposition.（成立组织来反对） Divisions（分裂） between secular （世俗者）and Islamist fighters, and between ethnic groups, continue to complicate the politics of the conflict.
What is happening to Syrians caught in the war?（为什么叙利亚会陷入战争？）
More than four years after it began, the full-blown civil war has killed over 220,000 people, half of whom are believed to be civilians（城门失火殃及池鱼）. Bombings are destroying crowded cities and horrific human rights violations are widespread（普及）. Basic necessities like food and medical care are sparse（稀少）.
More than four years after it began, the full-blown civil war has killed over 220,000 people, half of whom are believed to be civilians（城门失火殃及池鱼）. Bombings are destroying crowded cities and horrific human rights violations are widespread（普及）. Basic necessities like food and medical care are sparse（稀少）.
The U.N. estimates that 7.6 million people are internally displaced（流离失所）. When you also consider refugees, more than half of the country’s pre-war population of 23 million is in need of urgent humanitarian assistance（人道援助）, whether （是否）they still remain in the country or have escaped across the borders.
In October, Russia began launching airstrikes at ISIS targets in Syria.（俄国加入空袭IS行动） This will likely prompt（促进） even more Syrians to flee for safety and will make delivery of humanitarian aid to Syrian civilians more difficult. The airstrikes will likely have a major impact on the balance of power in Aleppo city and the North Aleppo governorates, both places where Mercy Corps has delivered aid for the past three years.
The ability to provide lifesaving aid throughout（到处） the region is severely jeopardized（危害） as Mercy Corps balances the urgent need to both protect valuable supplies for unforeseen（意想不到的） emergencies and ramp up （上升）distributions（分发） to those in need. We are stocking up supplies in areas where civilians may be cut off and strategically repositioning our staff.
Where are they fleeing to?
The majority of Syrian refugees are living in Jordan and Lebanon, where Mercy Corps has been addressing their needs since 2012. In the region’s two smallest countries, weak infrastructure and limited resources are nearing a breaking point under the strain.
The majority of Syrian refugees are living in Jordan and Lebanon, where Mercy Corps has been addressing their needs since 2012. In the region’s two smallest countries, weak infrastructure and limited resources are nearing a breaking point under the strain.
In August 2013, more Syrians escaped into northern Iraq at a newly opened border crossing. Now they are trapped by that country's own insurgent (叛乱)conflict, and Iraq is struggling to meet the needs of Syrian refugees on top of more than one million internally displaced Iraqis — efforts that we are working to support.
An increasing number of Syrian refugees are fleeing across the border into Turkey, overwhelming (压倒性)urban host communities and creating new cultural tensions. Mercy Corps is working in these areas as well to help families meet their basic needs and find work.
Hundreds of thousands of refugees are also attempting the dangerous trip across the Mediterranean Sea from Turkey to Greece, hoping to find a better future in Europe. Not all of them make it across alive. Those who do make it to Greece still face steep challenges — resources are strained by the influx and services are minimal.
How are people escaping?
Thousands of Syrians flee their country every day. （每天都在发生！！）They often decide to finally escape after seeing their neighborhoods bombed or family members killed.
Thousands of Syrians flee their country every day. （每天都在发生！！）They often decide to finally escape after seeing their neighborhoods bombed or family members killed.
The risks on the journey to the border can be as high as staying: Families walk for miles through the night to avoid being shot at by snipers or being caught by soldiers who will kidnap young men to fight(在深夜里逃亡以避免被叛军绑架) for the regime.
How many refugees are there?
Four million Syrians have registered or are awaiting registration with the United Nations High Commission of Refugees, who is leading the regional emergency response.
Four million Syrians have registered or are awaiting registration with the United Nations High Commission of Refugees, who is leading the regional emergency response.
Every year of the conflict has seen an exponential growth in refugees. In 2012, there were 100,000 refugees. By April 2013, there were 800,000. That doubled to 1.6 million in less than four months. There are now four million Syrians scattered throughout the region, making them the world's largest refugee population under the United Nations' mandate.
At this rate, the U.N. predicts there could be 4.27 million Syrian refugees by the end of 2015 — the worst exodus since the Rwandan genocide 20 years ago.
Do all refugees live in camps?
The short answer: no.
The short answer: no.
Jordan’s Za'atari, the first official refugee camp that opened in July 2012, gets the most news coverage because it is the destination for newly arrived refugees. It is also the most concentrated settlement of refugees: Approximately 81,500 Syrians live in Za'atari, making it the country’s fourth largest city. The formerly barren desert is crowded with acres of white tents, makeshift shops line a “main street” and sports fields and schools are available for children.
A new camp, Azraq, opened in April 2014, carefully designed to provide a sense of community and security, with steel caravans instead of tents, a camp supermarket, and organized "streets" and "villages."
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